买一辆自行车. 你不会后悔的. 如果你活着 ——马克·吐温

Neither the current Lance Armstrong-driven revival of cycling in the United States nor the dem和 for competitive-grade bicycles priced at $5,000 to $10,000 can match the craze for bicycling during the golden age of the American bicycle in the 1880s 和 1890s. Although some version of the bicycle -- velocipedes -- had existed since the early nineteenth century, pedal powered cycles only became popular after the American Civil War. Both Columbia 和 Overman manufactured the high wheeled or "ordinary" bicycle in the early 1880s (a vast improvement over the low-riding "boneshakers" of 1869), feeding a national passion that knew few bounds -- 和 even fewer well-paved roads. 英雄, steel-legged cyclists rode ungainly "ordinaries" across the country 和 around the world in epic adventures that captivated public attention everywhere. It was the introduction of the so-called "safety bicycle" in the 1890s that truly revolutionized the industry, 然而. 很容易识别为现代自行车, 安全的自行车, 顾名思义, were safer 和 easier to ride than the high-wheelers 和 opened cycling to all who could afford the initially high price.

By 1890, 约150,000名美国人——男性, 女性, 孩子们也有自己的自行车, with one enthusiast calling it the "most strengthening 和 healthful sport ever invented." That same year saw an explosion in bike sales, doubling the number of bicycle owners in just one year. 贯穿同性恋的90年代, the popularity of bicycling grew exponentially, but cycling was soon to become a victim of its own popularity. By 1897, 价格开始下跌, 和 cheap knockoffs flooded the market, damaging the reputation of companies such as the Overman Wheel 电脑及相关知识any, which would be forced into bankruptcy before going out of business after 1899. By 1902, the boom years of American cycling were over, 销量一度达到顶峰，为1,200,000 bikes per year were reduced to one quarter of that number.

威尔·H是谁?. 布拉德利?

Lauded as the "Dean of American typographers," William Henry 布拉德利 was born in Boston on 10 July 1868, 他是亚伦和莎拉·布拉德利的儿子. 在1879年去世之前, Aaron 布拉德利 encouraged young Will's artistic talent, bringing home pieces of type that 布拉德利 set using a small h和 press he bought with proceeds from a job delivering shoe uppers in Lynn, 麻萨诸塞州. 布拉德利 dropped out of school after the eighth grade, 和 by the age of 14 began working as a printer in Ishpeming, 密歇根, where he 和 his mother had moved after the death of Aaron 布拉德利. 在几次错误的开始和失误之后, 布拉德利 became one of America's foremost type designers, 插图画家, 和艺术家, 设计杂志封面, 海报, 和字体. Although 布拉德利's work encompasses many styles, 他最知名的作品, 比如奥弗曼车轮目录, is in the highly decorative Art Nouveau style, showing influences of Aubrey Beardsley 和 William Morris. 布拉德利 also worked in the Colonial Revival style, singleh和edly restoring the popularity of Caslon type, an old 和 very simple typeface used in early American imprints that 布拉德利 studied at the Boston Public Library. Always on the move, 布拉德利 established presses in Springfield 和 Concord, Mass.纽约和芝加哥也是如此. In 1907, he became the first art editor for 科利尔杂志 和 would later become art director for all Hearst publications 和 motion pictures. In 1928, 布拉德利 retired to California to begin working on his autobiography. He continued to be an influential presence in the world of typography until his death in 1962.